Week 6 - Meeting with Archivists

Lisa and I were able to meet with Mary and Adam on Thursday to discuss the various questions we have over the Laumer collection and ask for some advice in handling the documents and organization of everything. Mary and Adam both pointed out very interesting archival concepts, such as "original order" and the copyright issues we may come across in trying to digitize photos - as well as proper care for the documents and proper care for ourselves, especially in dealing with mold or other possibly hazardous substances we may come across in the folders. 

While perusing the back room of the archive on Tuesday, before meeting with Mary and Adam, I found this white binder stacked among some books on a chair. It contains Laumer's inventory of his collection, with spreadsheets documenting the document type, some with subcategories, dates, and the location of these documents (such as garage drawer 1 and so on.) Lisa and I tried to match this inventory with the file folders in the office, but it appears that when Laumer's collection was moved to the new site, it lost its original order: which Mary described as "the researcher's own order," which should be maintained for its potential usefulness to future researchers. Mary noted that this original inventory could be used in reorganizing, in the effort to restore original order, or used to present in juxtaposition with the new organizational methods, to show people what the collection originally looked like. 

Backroom of the archive

Pages from Laumer's original inventory

So, with this advice in mind - our project is veering more towards creating a strong inventory of the items in the archive, leaving the idea of reorganization and moving things around to future interns. Mary and Adam believe this inventory is the best first step. 

Disappointingly, Mary and Adam encouraged us to steer clear of digitizing anything, as we may run into many copyright issues with these documents - especially because Laumer accumulated many of his primary documents from other researchers, and also because we cannot exactly verify that any of these primary pictures or documents were created by Laumer himself. Digitizing was something Lisa and I were really looking forward to doing, but with these copyright issues and the work hours that will be devoted to creating an inventory, it appears we will have to shelf this desire for another time. 

The next half of our internship will be spent on site, working through folders and other documents to establish an inventory that can be used to reorganize in the future: the caveat is that we can still peruse through the interesting information that sprinkles the folders. This week I was lucky enough to explore the folder containing images, negatives. and positive slides of Ransom Clark's exhumation - a project Laumer spent years researching and pushing for. Ransom Clark was the self-proclaimed lone survivor of the Dade massacre, claiming to have sustained grievous injuries to his pelvis, shoulder, and lung, "hobbling" over 50 miles and over 4 different rivers to relate his tale to the nearest town. Clark then made a living giving lectures on his experience in the war and among the Seminole Indians. 

A copy of Ransom Clark's lecture flyers - A 1977 news article mentioning Laumer and the exhumation

In exhuming Clark's body, Laumer wanted to find out how true his story of sheer heroism and perseverance was - a minute detail of truth that many historians often chase. After getting a court order to exhume the body, Laumer and his associates began digging on a cold December Saturday in 1977. The autopsy showed that Clark did sustain injuries, but not as grievous and awful as he had claimed: his story of tenacity in the face of anguish may have been true, but was definitely heavily embellished. 

Image and negatives from the Ransom Clark exhumation and the original "Best Photo" envelope

Positive slides of the exhumation

Images of the exhumation

This story has been the most interesting to read about, and I feel especially lucky to read about it from Laumer's own research and photographic recollections. I am not ashamed to say I spent way more time delving into this story and looking at the pictures than I should have - and I know Lisa was just as intrigued by the photos as I was! I hope to come across more interesting stories like this one in our endeavors to inventory everything. 

Working hard at the archive :)

Week 5 - Reaching Out

Lisa and I were unable to meet this week because of conflicting schedules; but have continued discussing our approaches and the interesting tidbits we have found in our files. We have finished the first file drawer and plan to meet early next week on-site to reorganize these files and venture into the back room of the archive! 

We will also likely begin assigning ascension numbers for our files, to be used in lieu of our excel sheet. 

More importantly, we have been in contact with Mary Rubin and Adam Hunt over at the UCF Archives. We have been able to ask them some questions about how we should organize this collection, what we should look for to digitize, and some other archival tactics we should consider during the course of our project. We are going to meet with them next Thursday and hopefully get some much-needed advice! 

I think once we have the insight from Mary and Adam we will be able to approach this project more fervently; it has been difficult to navigate where to begin, what to look for, and how to approach organizing everything. With some expert advice, I will feel much better about the outcome of this project, and what we can deliver from it. When we present our projects at the end of our internship, I not only want to have pertinent information to share but a tangible outcome that we were able to create for the archive. Dr. French had mentioned that it had been difficult to get students out to the Frank Laumer collection due to its distance from UCF - and that the archive really needed some assistance in handling these documents. With this in mind, I really want to help establish something useful for the Foundation. 

With these scheduled visits to the site and the UCF Archive made, I have devoted the rest of my time to documenting my own experiences with the project in a diary - at the suggestion of our director, Patrick Swan. He recommended we document our experiences with the collection and ask ourselves reflective questions: what were our first impressions of the documents? How did it feel to crack open the files and peruse through the information? What have we learned from our initial encounters with the collection? How has our approach changed over time? 

My fancy diary, featuring Buzz (cat).

These questions have not only helped keep me grounded in the public history aspect of our project, but have also helped me with the weekly blog posts. Our approach has been ever-changing, and each encounter with the files produces new problems as much as it produces renewed enthusiasm. We are really getting to put our training into use - and getting to practice history. 

Week 4 - Organizing, Weeding, and Trucking Along

This week, Lisa and I kept trucking along in our efforts to categorize and catalog the file folders from the first drawer of the first file cabinet. Instead of meeting at the library or the archive, we decided to just separately finish the folders we currently have and get them put into our tentative excel workbook so that we can seamlessly move into other aspects of the archive next week. 

Going through these files, I have noticed a lot of copies of specific information, ranging from simple correspondence between Frank Laumer and his research assistant to copies of genealogical information that was sent to the author. We will of course keep some of the copies, but needless ones will be weeded and filed separately so as not to take up too much room amongst the important documents themselves.  We have also assessed quite a bit of what appears to be water damage to the file folders, as well as the papers in the files. Metal paperclips have indented materials, while also causing rust to rub off on the paper. With this damage in mind, we have established a list of materials we would like the archive to acquire so that we can better maintain these documents for future use.

Pictures of some of the damage to the papers

Some of these materials include: 

• Acid-free folders
• Archive boxes (Durashield document cases)
• Plastic paperclips
• Staple removers
• Label maker and labels (to assign ascension numbers that match our excel sheet)

As we go along in organizing, sorting, and cataloging materials, I am sure we will assess more needs. Luckily, our director at the archive, Patrick Swan, has been extremely forthcoming and encouraging when it comes to acquiring the resources we need to get the archive into shape! 

On another note, reading through the files so far has been very interesting, especially from a researcher's standpoint. There are, fortunately, and unfortunately, countless papers of correspondence between Frank Laumer, his research assistant JoAnne Herzog, and various universities, county clerks, libraries, and genealogical societies that mostly indicate fruitless results and rejections for information. Fortunate - because it provides further evidence, if not also comfort, that the research process is always thorough, usually difficult, and time-consuming for everyone - unfortunate because this correspondence makes up a bulk of the files we have gone through. Even so, this devotion to research and maintaining good, if not excessively detailed notes is what makes Laumer's collection so interesting. 

While we do not feasibly have time to read through every piece of correspondence or through every primary document, I catch myself reading completely through these letters and notes often - maybe because I can relate with the sheer desire to learn more about history - but more truthfully, these letters are, for a lack of a better term, intimate. Frank affectionately discusses his gratitude with his research assistant, referring to inside jokes between the two that we will probably never understand. There are post-it notes scattered between the documents with Frank's notes and JoAnne's notes (and her often pushy directions to Frank to reach out more) that show much more of the picture than the documents themselves could.  Correspondence between JoAnne and the researchers she reaches out to show frustration at the lack of information out there, and also elation at the discovery of minute details. 

Frank's affectionate letter to Joni

Nuances like this are rare in most archival collections, especially collections geared towards the facts of a subject. It is this uniqueness that pushes me to continue organizing as best I can - regardless of how daunting this first foray into archival work has been. 

Week 3 - Dipping Our Toes

This week, Lisa and I delved further into the files from the first drawer of the first file cabinet - we met at the UCF library to not only work together on cataloging the files but also to bounce more ideas around about how we wanted to organize the materials and present the materials to future researchers looking to use the information of the Frank Laumer collection. 

Working on files at UCF library

During this meeting, we both decided that while we will finish the first drawer of cabinet files, we want to venture further into the archive and dip our toes into the bulk of the organizational needs at the site. I am extremely interested in the historic books that are at the archive and have been antsy to begin organizing and cataloging those, and with the limited time we will have this summer, it may take creating organizational methods to be built on with future internships rather than reinventing the wheel altogether. 

The files, while sometimes askew, do have a method to the madness - Laumer appears to have kept together his related correspondence with specific references to the primary or secondary literature at hand. One file, specifically about Seminole War soldier Joseph Sprague, contains Laumer's correspondence with other researchers, genealogists, and county clerks alongside the (sometimes) obtained genealogical information of this specific soldier. Some of the correspondence leads to dead ends. 

This was a problem I pondered in my last posting; is it pertinent for researchers to sift through countless papers of correspondence in order to find historical evidence? Part of me believes it could aid in veering researchers from going down the same dead-end paths - while the other part fears it would needlessly lengthen the amount of time spent in the archive looking for valuable information. This research is also dated, so keeping that correspondence may not help contemporary researchers who are possibly in the presence of newly discovered source materials. With this in mind, and with our desire to venture into the back room of the archive that is filled with materials yet to be sifted through, I believe we will focus on relabeling the files in the cabinets, cleaning out excessive copies, removing some of the correspondence to different files, and switching the materials to archive-grade holdings, such as acid-free folders.

In coming up with ways to catalog the materials for future researchers to use, Lisa and I thought about making a simple excel spreadsheet with ascension numbers. This way future interns could edit it themselves and even see what we were able to get through during our time at the archive - and hopefully build off of that work as well. I have come up with a tentative example workbook of what we would use: 

Topics

Subtopics

Documents and descriptions

Ultimately, documents would be organized by topics, which the user would choose from on the first page, then this would lead them to subtopics, then documents, which would be organized by ascension numbers that we will work on assigning. This will be the biggest challenge for me, as this is my first venture into archival work and we are truly at the helm of handling this collection. However, with a possible cataloging system in place and an idea of how we can better protect and organize the materials, it will be exciting to move around the archive and find a practice for the known and unknown materials that lay there. 

Week 2 - Categorical Oddities and Historical Context

This week, Lisa and I continued to consider the organizational tactics we wanted to use to tackle the Frank Laumer collection - we decided to collect a handful of the documents, with Patrick's permission, and take them to the UCF Library and Archive next week to continue cataloging them and maybe even begin digitizing some of the important documents we have come across. These files would finish the top drawer of the first filing cabinet, and will hopefully provide us a good idea of what approach we will take for the rest of the drawers.

Bin of collected documents and example of soldier-specific folder. 

While we have already established some topics we want to use in reorganizing the files for future research, I've been intrigued at some of the files that contain specific references to certain soldiers from the Dade massacre. There are several folders that trace the genealogies and contain the life and death records of these soldiers; all of which would be extremely beneficial for super specific research about Seminole War soldiers, while also being beneficial as a tracing method for the bigger themes of the war - just as Laumer appeared to do with these records. Question is: should these soldiers have their own categories and/or subsets? Should this apply to every applicable person mentioned in the files?

Other interesting files contain correspondence between Laumer and his fellow researchers, Laumer's requests for certain documents, his approval or denial for these documents, and the documents, if he was able to get them. This also throws a different categorical situation: is it best to keep all of these documents together, so that the sequential order and other minute details make sense, or should we separate the documents in terms of "correspondence" and say, "genealogical records" like we had decided before? Would keeping these papers together provide a researcher a thorough look at the question or topic at hand, or would it create a categorical mess?

Just as helpful as the abundance of records are, they can be daunting. Along with the specific questions presented above, there are several characters, events, and dates skewed about these documents, and it has been a bit overwhelming for me to properly categorize these papers without always knowing the historical context behind them. As such, I've been researching the Dade massacre myself to better understand the names, events, and dates of these papers - conveniently using Laumer's own notes and research to help in my quest for knowledge.

Knowing how wealthy this information is for fellow researchers makes it all the more important to have a cohesive method of organization and cataloging: and in processing the documents, I think cultivating my own thorough understanding of the Dade massacre and the general context of these documents will make this integral task much easier and much more detailed. Looking at it from the standpoint of a researcher will help me solve the categorical oddities.

Week 1 - Brainstorming and Introduction

Hello! My name is Olivia Aldrich and I will be working with Lisa Lapenna and the Seminole Wars Foundation to help organize their collection of Frank Laumer's personal research.

During my undergraduate time at UCF, I was unable to take on any internships due to my commute and hectic work schedule. Now, in my graduate journey at UCF, I was determined to get into some archival work - I really hope to learn basic archival practices in organization, as well as the digitization of important materials and what goes into proper source handling: ultimately to get archival experience in general. Dr. French pointed me towards the Seminole Wars Foundation because of the archive's closeness to my house as well as the Foundation's need for organizational help.

Frank Laumer was a dedicated lay historian who embarked on a 57 year journey to investigate and educate on the true happenings of the Dade massacre. During this research-heavy adventure, Laumer accumulated a lot of important Seminole War information, especially pertaining to General Dade and the military defeat at Dade Battlefield - this includes a multitude of books, nonfiction and fiction, as well as a slough of popular resources that contain references to the Seminole War. Genealogical records, extensive correspondence, maps, and other materials also saturate the collection. 

Library of Frank Laumer's collection - where the archive is located.

Upon our initial visit to the site and archive, our director, Patrick, pointed out that there was a whole room full of archival material that had not been sorted or organized, and discussed the need for a cataloging and organizational system to better house the important materials of this collection; a way for people researching Dade's massacre to be able to utilize the wealth of information that Laumer had accumulated. 

With our second visit to the archive, Lisa and I focused on tackling the documents and materials that had not yet been sorted and brainstorming ways to organize these sources. We began by taking file folders full of information and making notes of the content of these files, how many pages there were, if they contained a copy or an original, and other important information that we could use later to catalogue with. We decided that sorting the papers in these files based on the topic at hand, such as genealogical records or correspondence about a certain topic of the war or of General Dade's life, would be the best way to kind of systemize this information before we digitize what is important. 

Example of information in file folders.

With our next visit, we plan to relabel some of the files with these general categories and any other specificities and continue sorting through the documents and sources to begin cataloging them. We also had the idea to use plastic sheets for original documents to keep them safe. Once we get through this system of organizing and notating originals versus copies, we plan to bring some of the more important research to UCF to digitize them. These early ventures to the archive prove that we will get a hands-on experience, and will get to kind of lead our own way into learning archival organization and digitization.

There is a lot of resource material to get through; but it has been fascinating to see Frank Laumer's own correspondence with other historians and collectors and how they came to conclusions about the truth of the Dade massacre - which is all mixed in with Dade's own letters. It truly is a unique collection in the sense that it shows a firsthand view into the process of research and the process of fleshing out a book, while showing a firsthand view of the Dade massacre and the historic presence of the event.